Phishing

What is phishing?

Phishing is a type of deception designed to steal your identity. In a phishing scam, a malicious person tries to get information like credit card numbers, passwords, account information, or other personal information from you by convincing you to give it to them under false pretences. Phishing schemes usually come via spam e-mail or pop-up windows.

How does phishing work?

A phishing scam begins with a malicious user who sends out millions of fraudulent e-mail messages that appear to come from popular Web sites or from sites that you trust, like your bank or credit card company. The e-mail messages, and the Web sites they often send you to, look official enough that they deceive many people into believing that they're legitimate. Believing that these e-mails are legitimate, unsuspecting people too often respond to the e-mail's requests for their credit card numbers, passwords, account information, or other personal information.

A scam artist might put a link in a fake e-mail that appears to go to the legitimate Web site, but actually takes you to a scam site or even a pop-up window that looks exactly like the official site. These copies are often called spoofed Web sites. Once you're at one of these spoofed sites you might unwittingly enter even more personal information that will be transmitted directly to the person who created the spoofed site. That person can then use this information to purchase goods, apply for a new credit card, or steal your identity.

5 ways to help protect yourself from phishing

1. Just as they do in the physical world, scam artists will continue to develop new and more sinister ways to trick you online. But following these five steps can help you protect your personal information.
2. Never respond to requests for personal information via e-mail. If in doubt, call the institution that claims to have sent you the e-mail.
3. Visit Web sites by typing the URL into your address bar.
4. Check to make sure the Web site is using encryption.
5. Routinely review your credit card and bank statements.
6. Report suspected abuses of your personal information to the proper authorities.

Step 1: Never respond to requests for personal information via e-mail

Microsoft and most legitimate businesses will never ask for passwords, credit card numbers, or other personal information in an e-mail. If you do receive an e-mail requesting this kind of information, don't respond. If you think the e-mail is legitimate, contact the company by phone or through their Web site to confirm. See Step 2 for the best ways to get to a Web site if you think you've been targeted by a phishing scam.

Step 2: Visit Web sites by typing the URL into your address bar

If you suspect that an e-mail from your credit card company, bank, online payment service, or other Web site you do business with is not legitimate, don't follow the links to the Web site from an e-mail message. Those links may take you to a spoofed site that might send all the information you enter to the scam artist who created the site.

Even if the address bar displays the correct address, don't risk being fooled. There are several ways for hackers to display a fake URL in the address bar on your browser. Newer versions of Internet Explorer make it more difficult to spoof the address bar, so it's a good idea to visit Windows Update on a regular basis and update your software. If you don't think you'll remember to update or if you prefer to have the updates downloaded automatically, you may be able to configure your computer for Automatic Updates.

Step 3: Check to make sure the Web site is using encryption

Secure site lock icon. If the lock is closed, then the page you are viewing uses encryption.

If you can't trust a Web site by the address bar, how do you know it's likely to be secure? There are a few different ways. First, before you enter any personal information, check to see if the Web site uses encryption to transmit your personal information. In Internet Explorer you can do this by checking the yellow lock icon on the status bar as shown in the following illustration.

This symbol signifies that the Web site uses encryption to help protect any sensitive personal information, credit card number, social security number, and payment details that you enter.

Double-click the lock icon to display the security certificate for the site. The name following Issued to should match the site you think you're on. If the name differs, you may be on a spoofed site. If you're not sure whether a certificate is legitimate, don't enter any personal information. Play it safe and leave the Web site.

Step 4: Routinely review your credit card and bank statements

Even if you follow the three steps above, you may still become a victim of identity theft. If you review your bank statement and credit card statements at least monthly, you may be able to catch a scam artist and stop them before they cause significant damage.

Step 5: Report suspected abuses of your personal information to the proper authorities

If you feel you have been a victim of a phishing scam, you should:

Immediately report the scam to the company or bank that's being spoofed. If you're unsure how to contact the company, visit the company's Web site to get the correct contact information. The company may have a special e-mail address to report such abuse. Remember not to follow any links in the phishing e-mail you received. You should type the known web site address for the company directly into the address bar in your Internet browser.